abstract: The development and international business communication provided many opportunities for the international community to play an active role in the development and world trade. Despite the many opportunities it created, this development brought many challenges, and one of the most important challenges is how to solve them. And the chapter on commercial disputes between international subjects.

In international trade, especially goods trade, it is very important to pay attention to international laws and create mechanisms and positive methods to prevent commercial disputes and adopt a suitable legal and logical solution in case of disputes. In the last century, identifying The rules and principles governing international buying and selling led to the regulation of domestic and international laws in the commercial relations of countries at the international level, which with the increase and expansion of the role of international governmental and non-governmental organizations gradually and developed the ground for reforms. necessary in domestic and international regulations to resolve disputes, which led to the establishment of rules and regulations for dealing with commercial disputes. In this article, the nature of commercial disputes is examined first, and then the mechanisms for resolving commercial disputes, legal methods and non-legal and dispute resolution authorities.